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👉SKILLS 1
Reading
1. Look at the diagram. Put the names names of the countries where English is spoken in the correct circle.
| Việt Nam Singapore Russia New Zealand Malaysia |
Inner Circle
1.
Outer Circle
2.
Expanding Circle
3.
Now read the text quickly to check your answers.
2. Read the text and choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D.
Braj Kachru was a Professor of Linguistics who invented the term 'World Englishes. The term refers to the fact that English has become a global means of communication with a lot of varieties.
In 1985, Kachru proposed a model of the different uses of English around the world. There are three concentric circles in the model.
The first of these circles is the Inner Circle, which consists of the traditional English- speaking countries, such as the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. In these regions, English is the first language, and their speakers provide the standards of English.
The next circle is the Outer Circle where English is not the first language but the second or official language. The countries in this circle include India, Singapore, the Philippines, Pakistan, Malaysia, etc. The speakers of these places follow the standards which the countries in the Inner circle provide.
The last circle is the Expanding Circle. People in this circle speak English as a foreign language. Some of the countries in the Expanding Circle are Brazil, Japan, Russia, and Viet Nam. Speakers of English in these places follow the rules which the people in the Inner Circle have established.
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1. What is the text mainly about?
A. Professor Braj Kachru.
B. The three circles of World Englishes.
C. Native speakers of English.
D. The development of English.
2. The word "model" in paragraph 2 means _____.
A. an excellent person
B. an example to copy
C. a small copy of something
D. a description of a system
3. The phrase "this circle" in paragraph 5 refers to the
A. model B. Inner Circle C. Outer Circle D. Expanding Circle
3. Read the text again and fill in each blank in the summary with no more than TWO words.
Kachru's Model
| Inner Circle | - English is the (1) _____ - Countries: the UK, the USA, Australia, etc. - Speakers provide the standards. |
| Outer Circle | - English is the second or (2) _____ language. - Countries: India, Singapore, the Philippines, etc. - Speakers (3) _____ the standards. |
| Expanding Circle | - English is a (4) _____ - Countries: Brazil, Russia, Viet Nam, etc. - Speakers follow the (5) _____ established. |
Speaking
4. Work in pairs. Read the following words. What do all the words have in common?
banh mi, sushi, robot, piano, kung fu
5. Work in groups. Discuss and write the meaning/explanation of each word and choose the language of origin for each word from the given list. Then present your answers to the class.
Chinese - Japanese - Vietnamese - Italian - Czech
| Words | Meaning/Explanation | Language of origin |
| banh mi | A type of Vietnamese sandwich filled with cold meats, pâté, and vegetables | Vietnamese |
| sushi | ||
| kung fu | ||
| robot | ||
| piano |
