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👉A CLOSER LOOK 2
Grammar
Adverbial clauses of concession, result, and reason
💡Remember!
An adverbial clause of concession expresses contrast. It is introduced with a subordinate conjunction. The most common conjunctions are though and although. Though and although can be placed at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence.
1. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
1. Although / But footballers are well-paid, they have short careers.
2. She still applied for the job so / though she had almost no chance to get it.
3. Although / However she went to the cinema early, she couldn't buy the ticket.
4. She has to do repetitive tasks in her job, although / but she still likes it.
5. Though / But Mike felt tired, he managed to finish his homework.
💡Remember!
- An adverbial clause of result shows the result of an action or event. It is often introduced with so such... that... We use so + adj + that and such (+ a / an) + adj + noun + that.
Example:
The box was so heavy that the worker couldn't lift it up.
She is such a skilful tailor that all the ladies in the neighbourhood like the clothes she makes.
- An adverbial clause of reason explains the reason why an action is done or an event happens. It is often introduced with because and since. Since is often placed at the beginning of a sentence. Because can be placed at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence.
Example:
James wants to become a tour guide because he loves travelling. / Because he loves travelling, James wants to become a tour guide.
Since she was late, she couldn't join the career orientation session.
2. Complete the sentences with so or such.
1. The factory was _____ far from his home that he couldn't go there to work.
2. Katie was _____ a lazy worker that no manager wanted to hire her.
3. They are _____ creative designers that everyone admires them.
4. Can you speak louder? You voice is _____ soft that I can't hear you.
5. He is _____ a handsome man that many people think he could be an actor.
3. Join the sentences, using the given word in brackets.
1. Jenny didn't attend the job fair. She was ill. (because)
-> _________________________________________________________________.
2. Henry is excellent at maths. Everyone thinks he will become a mathematician. (since)
-> _________________________________________________________________.
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3. Mai practised speaking English a lot. She wanted to get a high score on the speaking test. (because)
-> _________________________________________________________________.
4. Ms Nga is away this week. We'll put off the next class meeting. (since)
-> _________________________________________________________________.
5. I couldn't go to the office on time. There was a traffic jam. (because)
-> _________________________________________________________________.
4. Rewrite each sentence. Use the given word in brackets.
1. I forgot to bring money, so I couldn't buy the career guidebook. (because)
-> I couldn't ________________________________________________________________.
2. My navigation skill is very bad. I could never work as a taxi driver. (so)
-> I'm _______________________________________________________________________.
3. Sally couldn't use the computer. There was a power cut. (since)
-> Since _____________________________________________________________________.
4. She had a university degree, but she couldn't find a good job. (although)
-> Although ________________________________________________________________.
5. The florist was very skilful. Her flower shop attracted many customers. (such)
-> She was _________________________________________________________________.
5. Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Then exchange them with a partner.
1. Although my sister is a fashion designer, ________________________________________.
2. I want to become a pilot because ________________________________________________.
3. My father has such a hard job that _______________________________________________.
4. Since most vocational courses take a short time to finish, _______________________.
5. The garment worker felt so bored that ___________________________________________.
