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I can recognise different words formed from the same base.
1 VOCABULARY In pairs, read the adjectives below and talk about situations in which you experience those feelings.
Adjectives to describe feelings afraid anxious
ashamed cross disgusted envious proud
I sometimes feel afraid if I see a very large spider.
2 Read the article and look at the pictures. Match the underlined words in the article with pictures 1-4.
A gut feeling?
Emotions do not just occur in your mind; they also have a physical effect on your body. A group of scientists from Finland decided to find out which emotions affect which parts of the body. They asked 701 volunteers to colour in silhouettes in response to emotional words, stories and videos. The results show that the people generally experience emotions like anger, envy and shame in similar ways.
For example, when you're angry, you probably feel that anger mostly in your chest and head. But if you feel ashamed, you probably notice it in your face and, in particular, your cheeks. Depression makes your whole body feel less active, whereas happiness affects your whole body in a positive way.
▼ 'Hot' colours like yellow and red show an increase in activity, while blue shows the opposite. Black is neutral.
1 ____________ Fear Disgust 2 ____________ Sadness Surprise Neutral
Anxiety Love 3____________ Contempt Pride 4____________ Envy
3 Complete the tables with words from exercises 1 and 2.
| Noun | Adjective |
| 1________ | angry |
| anxiety | 2________ |
| 3________ | ashamed |
| 4________ | envious |
| Noun | Adjective |
| 5________ | happy |
| pride | 6________ |
| 7________ | sad |
| 8________ | surprised |
LEARN THIS! Word families
a Some nouns are formed by adding a suffix like -ness or -ment to an adjective.
sad-sadness content-contentment
b Common adjective endings are -ed, -ing, -ous, -ful, -less, -y and -al.
surprised/surprising suspicious hopeful/hopeless
dirty political
c Most adverbs are formed by adding -ly to an adjective.
cross-crossly happy-happily
d We can change the meaning of many adjectives and adverbs by adding a prefix.
surprisingly - unsurprisingly
4 Read the Learn this! box. In pairs, write down two more examples for each rule (a-d). Use a dictionary to help you if necessary.
5 USE OF ENGLISH Complete the sentence with the adjective or adverb related to the noun in brackets. You may need to add a prefix.
1 He told me ________(anger) not to be late again.
2 Liam is ________(hope) that he'll pass all his exams.
3 I was ________(surprise), but I tried not to show it.
4 We waited ________(anxiety) for news of his arrival.
5 He looked for his wallet, but ________(sadness) he couldn't find it.
6 That's a good mark for this exam - don't be________ (shame) of it.
7 He stared________ (envy) at his friend's new bike.
8 Her neighbour is always very bad-tempered, so she found his angry reaction________ (surprise).
9 My sister was ________(annoy) late.
10 He didn't try to hide his ________ (happy) - he just cried.
6 SPEAKING Discuss the questions in pairs.
1 Do you think money can make people happy? Why? /Why not?
2 When is pride good? When is it bad?
3 Is fear ever a good emotion? If so, when?
